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Hunger and Obesity

2026-04-08

Disruption or transformation? With the new Strategic Foresight Report for Agriculture and Food Systems, GIZ looks into future scenarios of the post 2030 era.

By Astrid Prange de Oliveira

Astrid Prange de Oliveira is an author, columnist, editor, and reporter. She worked, among other roles, for eight years as a correspondent for taz in Latin America, as well as for Die Zeit, Rheinischer Merkur, Deutschlandfunk, and Deutsche Welle.

All contributions

In principle, the downward trend in hunger figures is a success story. It is a story that offers encouragement and demonstrates that progress can be achieved and that development cooperation can be effective. However, it is also a story that shows how quickly hard-won successes can falter or even vanish. Or how these achievements can be overshadowed and displaced by other challenges. According to the World Health Organization, the number of people suffering from hunger has declined since 1990. Consequently, the number of illnesses and deaths associated with hunger and malnutrition has also decreased. Yet, this development has not been continuous; there have been repeated setbacks.

Beyond hunger and chronic undernutrition, which manifests as stunting in children, the issues of overweight and obesity are also of increasing concern. In the past 30 years, the proportion of people worldwide living with obesity has doubled – among children and adolescents, it has even quadrupled. For the first time in human history, more than three billion people are affected by overweight or obesity.

The "Double Burden"

The simultaneous prevalence of undernutrition and overweight, particularly in poorer countries, points to a crucial common cause: a lack of access to healthy food. Furthermore, these states suffer especially from the so-called double burden. The consequences –including weakened immune systems, muscle wasting, hypertension, and diabetes – place a heavy strain on already fragile healthcare systems.

To date, investments in nutrition measures fall significantly short of the actual needs, even though such interventions are a sound investment for governments:

"Every dollar invested in the fight against undernutrition yields a return of 23 dollars through improved health outcomes and higher productivity."¹

Pioneers: Kenya and Malawi

Yet, the 21st century began so promisingly. Even countries with extremely high poverty rates, such as Mozambique, Malawi, Madagascar, Zambia, Ethiopia, Liberia, Kenya, Nepal, or Cambodia, managed to nearly halve the proportion of children with stunted growth between 2000 and 2024.

This success was based on a suite of measures implemented with different priorities depending on the country: interventions that led to higher family incomes, the expansion of maternal and child healthcare, social transfer programs, school feeding programs, the promotion of agricultural production, and nutrition counseling.

Stagnation Instead of Progress

The fight against hunger is an integral part of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) agreed upon by the global community in 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda. In implementing these measures, countries' own efforts have been supported by international donors. For some time now, however, it has been observable that support from many international donors for food security programs is waning. This hits many poorer countries particularly hard. Yet, it is not only international donors who have reduced their support; the framework conditions for meeting national goals have also become more difficult within the affected countries themselves.

"A lack of funding, missing political will, and economic instability have caused the fight against hunger and malnutrition to stagnate," explains nutrition expert Cecilia Maina, a researcher at the Bonn-based Center for Development Research (ZEF).

Added to this are external shocks such as droughts and floods, rising food and energy prices since the war in Ukraine, and the after-effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the noticeably advancing effects of climate change, greater investments are also required for agricultural adaptation, including more resilient seeds and social transfer programs.

A Particular Challenge in Cities

Development cooperation, financed through the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), remains active in Malawi. Among other things, it supports the government in building institutional capacities to better protect domestic agri-food systems against the consequences of climate change. The project is scheduled to run until 2027.²

Team leader Vitowe Batch, who is implementing the project on the ground with the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), reports: “The situation is worsening.” “People in urban slums are having a very hard time right now.” She notes that the monthly costs for a balanced diet per household increased by over 200 percent between 2021 and 2024. The consequence: In Malawi, chronic undernutrition among children is now also increasing in cities and larger communities. According to the National Demographic Health Survey, the rate has been rising steadily since 2015 and is now almost on par with the 37 percent rate recorded for children under five in the rural population.

At the same time, however, overweight among children is also increasing in Malawi. According to a ZEF study, the proportion grew from 1.6 percent in 2017 to 6.1 percent in 2024. In urban areas, the share (8.1%) was higher than in rural regions (5.8%).³ For comparison: In Germany, the proportion of five- to 19-year-olds with obesity was 8.5 percent in 2022. For the population aged 18 and over, it was as high as 20 percent.

Obesity – A Global Trend

Malawi is thus following a global trend. Overweight and obesity are increasing not only in industrialized and oil-exporting countries but also in the world's poorest nations.⁴ This is also evidenced by a study by public health researcher Majid Ezzati from Imperial College London, whose results were published in the British journal The Lancet in 2024.⁵ For the study, data from 197 countries worldwide between 1990 and 2022 were evaluated. The study classifies obesity as a worldwide problem. Researchers point to an extremely rapid transformation of the nutritional situation in poorer countries.

In Kenya, too, overweight and obesity have increased sharply. According to official figures, the proportion of affected women aged between 20 and 49 rose from 17 percent to 45 percent between 1998 and 2022. “45 percent is a staggering figure,” explains expert Cecilia Maina. She attributes the trend to aggressive marketing of unhealthy foods in urban areas and the lack of time among the urban population. This is where the work of the European Commission (Directorate-General for International Partnerships) comes in – for example, through the Capacity for Nutrition project – to promote healthy diets in partner countries. Cultural factors also play a role.

“Junk food is often seen as something modern, something that people in Western countries eat, so people want to try it,” says Maina.

Malawi project leader Vitowe Batch also refers to the harsh everyday life in cities: “The workload is so great that parents often have no time to prepare healthy meals for themselves and their children.” Furthermore, she criticizes that development interventions, in particular, caught onto the trend too late. “Until now, we have mainly focused on rural regions; we have neglected the population in urban areas.” Cecilia Maina confirms this. “Governments are not addressing the issue of obesity; they are focusing on the fight against hunger, wasting, and stunting,” she says. “That needs to change.”

¹ The World Bank report: "Investment Framework for Nutrition"

² GIZ project: "Promoting and improving agri-food systems in Malawi"

³ Policy Brief by the Center for Development Research (ZEF) at the University of Bonn: "Contextualizing progress in nutrition and diets in Malawi"

⁴ WHO data collection: "Share of adults who are overweight or obese, 2022"

⁵ "The Lancet" report: "Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022"

Policy against disasters

Interview with Thomas Loster

Insurance companies could provide protection during droughts in Africa. How exactly this could be done is what the industry is currently trying to figure out. First experiences are available. An interview with the Managing Director of the Munich Re Foundation, Thomas Loster

'It has never been more possible'

Interview with Carin Smaller (Ceres2030)

Over a period of two years, the Ceres2030 team spent researching answers to the questions of how much it will how much it will cost to realize SDG 2 and where that money should be spent most effectively. IISD Senior Advisor and Ceres2030 Co-director Carin Smaller about small farmers, machine learning and women empowerment.

Two women in colorful headscarves bend over to harvest crops in a lush green field.

„You must be multisectoral in your thinking”

Interview with Adriano Campolina (FAO)

For years, place-based approaches to development have been considered important features in development cooperation, at the BMZ and in FAO. Both organisations are aiming at advancing these approaches: an interview with Adriano Campolina from the FAO on territorial and landscape perspectives.

Is the international community still on track in the fight against hunger?

Interview with Miriam Wiemers (Welthungerhilfe)

The Global Hunger Index (GHI) 2020 shows that the world is not on track to meet the international goal of “zero hunger by 2030”. If we continue at our current speed, around 37 countries will not even have reached a low hunger level by 2030.

"Agricultural research unties the Gordian knot"

Interview with World Bank Vice President Voegele

The CGIAR agricultural research organization is systematically repositioning itself. We spoke with Juergen Voegele, Vice President for Sustainable Development at the World Bank, about progress to date - and discuss what needs to be done collectively to stop global hunger in ten years.

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GFFA 2021 focussed on climate and COVID-19

A report by David Sahay (Zeitenspiegel)

110 speakers from 120 countries met virtually at the Global Forum for Food and Agriculture (GFFA) to discuss the challenges to global food supply. They asked the question: How can food systems support the health of people and the planet?

Young corn plants grow in neat rows across a lush field under a cloudy sky, showcasing sustainable farming techniques.

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES FOR MORE SOIL CONSERVATION

With the help of sustainable farming methods, soils can be preserved and made fertile again. The investment required is also worthwhile from a financial perspective.

A project of GIZ

A focused worker in blue coveralls operates machinery, wearing safety goggles on his head.

More than just a seat at the table

A contribution by Welthungerhilfe

Africa is home to the world’s youngest and fastest growing population. For many young people, agriculture could offer a job perspective. But to improve the living conditions and job prospects of young people in rural areas, political reforms and investments are desperately needed, as these people will be at the centre of agriculture and agricultural development in the future.

Farmers work together threshing rice in a field with a makeshift machine under the clear sky.

Leveraging investment impacts

A contribution by Heike Baumüller, Christine Husmann, Julia Machovsky-Smid, Oliver Kirui, Justice Tambo

Any initiative whose aim is to reduce poverty in Africa should focus first on agriculture. But what kind of investment has the greatest impact? The use of scientific criteria provides some answers.

Pesticides – a blessing or a curse?

A debate between Lena Luig and Ludger Weß

What are the consequences of using synthetic pesticides in agriculture? Where do they help, where do they harm? Lena Luig, expert for the development policy organization INKOTA, and science journalist Ludger Weß discuss this controversial topic of international scope.

A large audience attentively listens to a speaker on stage during a conference in a well-lit auditorium.

Visions in agriculture

Video by Frank Schultze and Jan Rübel

At the beginning of December 2018, AGRA's board of directors met in Berlin. The "Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa" panel discussed the next steps in their policy of modernizing agriculture. How to go on in the next ten years? One question - many answers from experts.

"Nutrition is a human right"

Interview with Joe DeVries (AGRA)

Joe DeVries is a breeder – and Vice President of AGRA (Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa). What are the chances and risks of a ’green revolution‘ in Africa? A discourse between Jan Rübel and him about productivity, needs, and paternalism.

Wanted: German investment in African agriculture

Interview with Stefan Liebing

Stefan Liebing is chairman of the Africa Association of German Business. The manager calls for a better structure of African farms. Jan Rübel asked him about small farmers, the opportunities for German start-ups and a new fund.

(c) Christoph Pueschner/Zeitenspiegel — Somalia / Mogadischu, Juli 2011: diese Frau floh mit ihren Kindern aus dem 250 Kilometer entfernten Baidoa in das IDP-Camp Al-Hidaaya. © Christoph Püschner/Zeitenspiegel

Global responsibility: Tackling hunger is the only way forward

A contribution by Lisa Hücking (WHH)

Chancellor Merkel has begun an ambitious European political programme: Striving for compromise in budget negotiations, an orderly Brexit as well as an appropriate response to the corona crisis. Unfortunately, one of her positions that she previously held is nowhere to be found: Africa's prosperity is in the interest of Europe.

A smiling woman wearing a colorful headscarf stands in a sunlit field, exuding joy and confidence.

Africa's face of agriculture is female

A contribution by Beatrice Gakuba (AWAN-AFRIKA)

Africa has a huge opportunity to make agriculture its economic driver. However, the potential for this is far from being made exhaustive use of, one reason being that women face considerable difficulties in their economic activities. The organisation AWAN Afrika seeks to change this state of affairs.

A person in patterned clothing holds a handful of white corn kernels over a large container, showcasing the grain harvest.

A partnership to fight hunger

A contribution by GAFSP

The Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP) was launched by the G20 countries in 2010 in response to the 2008-09 food price crisis to increase both public and private investment in agriculture. An overview of the programme's approach, results and impact.

Innovations for a secure food supply

A contribution by German Agribusiness Alliance

The COVID 19 pandemic is hitting developing and emerging countries and their poorest populations particularly hard. It is important to take countermeasures at an early stage. Companies in the German agricultural sector want to make their contribution to ensuring the availability of urgently needed operating resources.

A man in a red shirt hands cash to a customer through a service window with a sign about mobile money in the background.

News from the starting block: Changeover

A contribution by Michael Brüntrup (DIE)

The region of Sub-Saharan Africa is on the decisive verge of a great development boost in farming: it could skip entire generations of technological development. But how? About possible roles and potentials of digital services.

A woman presents agricultural produce to a seated group outside, near a house, emphasizing community engagement.

"The Green Revolution reaches its limits"

Interview with Stig Tanzmann (BfdW)

Stig Tanzmann is a farmer and adviser on agricultural issues at ‘Bread for the World’. Jan Rübel interviewed him about his reservations about AGRA's strategy.

A person speaks passionately at a podium during a presentation at the Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development.

The communicator

A contribution by Jan Rübel

What do electrical engineering, telecommunications and agriculture have in common? They arouse the passion of Strive Masiyiwa: Thirty years ago, he started an electrical installation company with $75, later riding the telecommunications wave as a pioneer. Today he is committed to transforming African agriculture.

Spiritual mortar for the young generation

A contribution by Jan Rübel

Fred Swaniker is working building a new era of leaders. And what about agriculture? ‘It needs to be more sexy!’

Farmers operate a blue and red tractor tilling dry soil in a dusty field under clear skies.

Continent in an uptrend

A report by Dr. Agnes Kalibata (AGRA)

Partnering for Africa’s Century: Innovation and Leadership as Drivers of Growth and Productivity in Rural Areas

Biodiversity and agriculture – rivalry or a new friendship?

A contribution by Irene Hoffmann (FAO)

In this article, the author describes what we know about interlinkages, what role agriculture has to play in the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity, and what the necessary changes in agricultural systems might look like, both on small and large-scale farms.

The image promotes a counter-mobilization event to transform corporate food systems, scheduled for July 25-28, 2021.

Mr. Marí, what happened at the alternative summit?

An Interview with Francisco Marí (Brot für die Welt)

Brot für die Welt (Bread for the World) did not attend the UNFSS pre-summit. Instead, the organisation took part in a counter-summit that took place at the same time. A conversation with Francisco Marí about the reasons, the process - and an outlook for the future

A globe surrounded by farms and food illustrates the global impact of food loss and waste, with a "Driven to Waste" headline.

How much do we actually waste, Mr. McFeely?

An interview with Peter McFeely (WWF)

The WWF has published a sensational study on food waste. The focus: farm-stage food waste. Peter McFeely, Global head of communications and strategic planning at WWF, explains what needs to be done.

What is wrong with our nutrition in Germany, Mr. Plagge ?

An interview with Jan Plagge (Bioland)

Vitamin-poor nutrition must become more expensive, in-vitro meat is not a panacea, and agricultural systems should be more decentralised. Bioland President Jan Plagge in an interview about the challenge of (future) world nutrition.

Aerial view of a vibrant green field with parallel tractor lines and a distinct curved pattern.

How Can We Feed The World in Times of Climate Change?

A Contribution by Jan Grossarth

Genetically modified bacteria become edible proteins, cows graze on pasture, and no waste is produced in an industrial circular economy. Journalist Jan Grossarth sees a silver lining for the future of world nutrition

A person uses a tablet in a greenhouse, symbolizing innovation with a lightbulb icon featuring a tree.

Innovation Challenge 2021

Competition for ideas by BMZ

Out of 40 consortia that applied from all over the world, 14 were invited to present their innovative concept on agroecological approaches in the form of an online pitch and to face the questions of an international jury of experts. Find out which six semi-finalists were selected by the jury and what happens next in this article.

The future is rural

A contribution by "World Without Hunger"

The future is rural. Young African entrepreneurs gave their generation a vocie during the G-20 conference in Berlin. "World Without Hunger" asked six of them, how more jobs can be created in rural areas.

Nine Harvests Left until 2030: How Will the BMZ Organise Itself in the Future?

An Interview with Dirk Schattschneider (BMZ)

"One World no Hunger" (SEWOH) becomes one of the five core themes of the BMZ. Dirk Schattschneider, SEWOH Commissioner about previous approaches, future areas of action, and the political will to end hunger.

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'The Doors are Open - We Farmers are Ready'

An Interview with Shamika Mone (INOFO) and Elizabeth Nsimadala (EAFF)

At the UN Food Systems Summit, farmers organizations have been represented on the international stage for the first time ever. Two representatives talk about bridging personal aspirations with the representation of regional needs and international negotiations.

Two women are tending to rows of seedlings in a lush, organized nursery garden.

Cooperation and Effective Incentives for Sustainable Land Use

A Contribution by GIZ

The second GFFA expert panel highlights the need for governance action to reverse global trends of land degradation.

A barren landscape near Lake Chad shows scattered animal bones and sparse vegetation under a clear sky.

GFFA for New Perspectives on the Planet’s Soils

A Contribution by Journalist Jan Ruebel

For five days, the 2022 Global Forum for Food and Agriculture (GFFA) in Berlin is all about strategies for a more sustainable land use.

Aerial view of widespread flooding covering agricultural fields and rural roads, showcasing the impact on the landscape.

Strenghtening Farmers' Rights with Soft Laws

A Contribution by Welthungerhilfe

How the UN Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests (VGGT) contribute to fairer and more secure land access.

A woman in a floral dress stands peacefully in a lush green field under a cloudy sky.

What Needs to Change for Africa’s Youth, Ms Kah Walla?

An Interview with Kah Walla

A conversation with the activist and entrepreneur Kah Walla about what needs to change for young people in rural Africa.

A woman in traditional attire processes compost in a rural Indian setting, highlighting sustainable agriculture practices.

How to Enhance Soil Organic Carbon – Uniting Traditional and Innovative Practices

A Contribution by GIZ

Indian farmers restore precious soil material combining traditional with innovative approaches. A case example how governance, agriculture and development cooperation can work together to combat climate change.

A person stands in a lush green field using a smartphone, highlighting the role of ICT in agriculture.

Digitalization: The Driving Force in the Future of Agriculture?

A Contribution by GIZ

At the ICTforAg conference in March 2022, the digital agriculture community exchanged on the challenges and opportunities associated with the next green revolution.

A herd of cattle walks along a rural road under a clear sky, guided by herders.

Our Food Systems are in Urgent Need of Crisis-Proofing: what needs to be done

An Artikel by TMG

Based on a scientific study by TMG Think Tank, the authors highlight various challenges in the fight against the hunger crisis. The findings show that climate change, conflict and covid-19 are increasing food and energy prices.

Lush green foliage thrives in a dense, vibrant display of biodiversity in a tropical jungle setting.

New UN Biodiversity Agreement

A Contribution by Rural 21

Nations adopted four goals and 23 targets for 2030 to foster biodiversity conservation and counter acceleration in the global rate of species extinction at the UN Biodiversity Conference (COP15).

"Human capital will play a pivotal role in the transformation of African economies"

A contribution by Ben Leyka

The potential the African food sector holds is still far too strongly associated with the continent’s natural resources, Ben Leyka maintains. He seeks to change this with the African Agri Council.

Four people engage in a panel discussion at a podium, with a backdrop featuring agricultural imagery.

And a semicolon in the middle

A contribution by Jan Rübel

After a two-year break due to Corona, the doors of the International Green Week (IGW) in Berlin are opening again. From 20th to 29th January, visitors from all over the world can discover, marvel and taste the produce. But the event is not only feasting and fun. The BMZ stand asks questions about where food comes from & where it goes – and in the process becomes a crash test for many habits.

The importance of water for sustainable rural development

A contribtion by WE4F

How can the challenges related to water, rural development and climate resilient agriculture be addressed? What innovations need to be promoted? The Water and Energy for Food (WE4F) initiative presents strategies and innovations for sustainable, integrated water management in German and international cooperation.

A stormy sky looms over a vast green wheat field in Ukraine, creating a dramatic and contrasting landscape.

From reaction to action

A contribtion by GIZ

A Year of Multiple Crises: Russian war against Ukraine, extreme weather events, high prices for energy and fertilizer, food crisis had severe implications for food security and agriculture globally and especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. A Transformation of the food systems is needed.

New legal initiatives towards deforestation-free supply chains as a game changer

A Contribution by Gerhard Langenberger

Regarding deforestation free supply chains, there are challenges and opportunities for smallholder farmers as well as for international forest governance. Also, responsibilities for companies and potential incentives for manufacturers to use materials from fair trade and sustainable sources need to be explored. But what does “deforestation-free” actually mean?

A large red cargo ship loaded with colorful containers sails under a bright blue sky with scattered clouds.

2022, a year of crisis – What does it mean for African trade and food security?

A Contribution by Ousmane Badiane

The Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor 2022 (AATM) was published by IFPRI and AKADEMIYA2063. The report analyses the short- and long-term trends and drivers of African agricultural trade flows, including regional policies and the role of global markets.

Golden wheat fields sway under a vibrant blue sky with scattered clouds in Ukraine. | © Polina Rytova

How the War against Ukraine Destabilizes Global Grain Markets

A Contribution by GIZ

Since early February 2022, two of the biggest grain and oilseed exporters have been at war. An overview, which countries are affected most severely by the destabilized grain markets, and what comes next.

Controversy: Do supply chains need liability rules?

Discussion about the potential supply chain law

The German government is struggling to pass a supply chain law. It is intended to address violations of human rights, social and environmental standards. What would the consequences be for business? A double interview with Veselina Vasileva from GEPA and economics professor Andreas Freytag.

5 Questions for Jann Lay: What is Corona doing to the economy?

Interview with Jann Lay (GIGA)

The Corona pandemic is hitting economies around the world very hard - but developments in African countries are quite diverse. There are different speeds, resiliences and vulnerabilities. What are the reasons for this? Apl. Prof. Jann Lay of the GIGA Institute provides answers.

The image shows a vibrant view of Earth from space, highlighting Africa and Europe amidst a starry sky.

Sustainable, feminist and socially just: The new Africa strategy of the BMZ

A contribution by Prof. Dr. Anna-Katharina Hornidge

In the video format "#99SecondsWith" of the German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), Prof. Dr Anna - Katharina Hornidge talks about the new Africa-Strategy of the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).

A rooster with vibrant red comb and detailed plumage stands alert behind a wire fence in a rural setting.

Do import restrictions really benefit the local poor in West Africa?

A contribution by Isabel Knößlsdorfer

Protectionist policies like tariffs supposedly protect domestic producers if they cannot compete with cheaper imported products. Some African countries have therefore opted to impose such import restrictions for a number of products. For the case of chicken imports in Ghana, this study analyses whether restrictions would lead to overall positive or negative welfare effects among households.

A group of people walks through a field in Tanzania, with vibrant sunflowers blooming under a clear sky.

Sang'alo Institute invests in farming of sunflower crop

A contribution by James Wanzala

Kenya is a large importer of vetable oils mainly from Indonesia and Malaysia - amongst them sunflower oil. Due to the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine, there were supply bottlenecks and food shortages, leading to less affordable vegetable oils in Kenya. As a response to the lack of supply, the Sanga'alo Institute of Science and Technology, took that impulse, teamed up with the GIZ and established regional cultivation and refinement of sunflowers.

A woman in a colorful dress and hat works with a hoe in a vast, barren field under a cloudy sky.

Farmers' organizations want to be involved in designing agricultural policy

An interview with Kolyang Palebele

Four interviews kick off the relaunch under the new name „Food4Transformation“, asking the same questions from different perspectives. "Women and young people need access to land. And they need financial support to cultivate this land." - says Kolyang Palebele, President of the Pan African Farmers Organisation (PAFO).

Young green seedlings sprout from the soil, showcasing new growth in a lush garden setting.

Agricultural policy belongs in prime time

An interview with Dr. Julia Köhn

Four interviews kick off the relaunch under the new name „Food4Transformation“, asking the same questions from different perspectives. Dr Julia Köhn, Chair of the German AgriFood Society, points out in the interview: Only if innovation and transformation are profitable in the medium term can they close the food gap in the long term.

Aerial view of two people guiding oxen across a red, plowed field, highlighting agrifood transformation themes.

BMZ releases video on the transformation of agricultural and food systems

A contribution by GIZ

The Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) has released a video on the transformation of agricultural and food systems. In the video, Federal Minister Svenja Schulze also speaks about the urgent need to combat global hunger and contribute to resilient agricultural and food systems.

Colorful illustrations depict diverse economic activities and cooperation under the German Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development.

“More of the same is not enough - we need to rethink”

An interview with Dirk Meyer

Four interviews kick off the relaunch under the new name „Food4Transformation“, asking the same questions from different perspectives. Dirk Meyer, Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, thinks: less individual solutions are needed, but more systemic approaches. Because in addition to the goals for food security, the issues of climate and biodiversity must also be taken into account.

Solar panels are installed in a rural area, harnessing renewable energy under a clear blue sky.

Unlocking the potential of agrivoltaics

A contribution by Fraunhofer Institute

Agrivoltaics is a concept that combines photovoltaic electricity generation and agricultural production, providing the opportunity for a more efficient land use and contributing overall to the integration of food, energy and water systems. This can be particularly interesting for countries in the Global South, where rural electrification rates are often low and food security needs to be improved.

Four individuals stand together, holding and presenting a large policy document at a "Partners for Change" event.

Partners for change - Network meeting on transforming agricultural and food systems

A Contribution by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development

At the network meeting "Partners for change - Transformation to a food secure, resilient and sustainable future", almost 250 participants from over 20 countries came together to exchange experiences and ideas on the transformation of agricultural and food systems. The final product, joint recommendations to transform agricultural and food systems, can now be read online.

A large audience attentively listens to a panel discussion on "Partnering for Change" in an elegant, arched venue.

Just change starts with listening

A Contribution by Jan Rübel

Halfway through the 2030 Agenda, the BMZ invited participants to a network meeting entitled "Partners for change - Transformation to a food secure, resilient and sustainable future". Experts from around the world developed recommendations in a consultation process and then consolidated them in Berlin. A site visit.

A person in boots pulls a hose across a field, preparing for fertilization under a clear blue sky.

What is needed for a long-term fertiliser strategy?

A contribution by Michael Brüntrup

The world is currently experiencing a historic food crisis. High fertiliser prices are part of the problem. In addition to the necessary short-term aid measures, the crisis ought to be made use of to develop and implement longer-term fertiliser strategies for sustainable, in particular smallholder increases in production in the Global South.

Participants attentively listen during a policy briefing session in a well-lit conference room.

Think20 Policy Brief centres on Agroecology

Insights from the T20 Policy Brief

Given the urgency of transforming agricultural and food systems, GIZ India's Food Systems and Agroecology Working Group is exploring the potential of agroecology in collaboration with Think20 partners. A policy brief has now been published.

A diverse group of people gathers for a photo at a UN event focused on desertification and drought awareness.

A Call to Action against Desertification

A contribution by GIZ

Every second, worldwide, we lose valuable and healthy soil with the size of four football fields. This was only one of the many facts being presented to a wide audience in Bonn and worldwide via livestream at the World Desertification and Drought Day on 17th June 2024. This was the 30th anniversary of the United Nations Convention on Combatting Desertification (UNCCD), which was celebrated at the Bundeskunsthalle in Bonn.

A woman in a pink headscarf and floral dress stands confidently in a lush garden. | © Claudia Jordan

Stick together and learn from each other

By Claudia Jordan

During the Women Leadership Programme in May 2024, around 20 women from African countries and Germany met again for a one-week workshop in Bavaria, Germany to become fit for leadership in their organisations. One topic that concerns the women across countries is climate change, but also violence against women and their discrimination in agriculture.

A person in a yellow shirt holds a tray of eggs, smiling inside a chicken coop filled with hens.

Cultivating tomorrow

A Contribution by GIZ

Africa’s largest youth generation has the potential to transform agriculture sustainably. Young entrepreneurs like Febelsa in Mozambique are building agricultural businesses that fuel local growth.

Uprooting the Norm

A Contribution by GIZ

As a passionate social scientist and entrepreneur from Malawi, Ngabaghila Chatata knows that she can overcome any challenge. Her story stands out in a country faced with high unemployment, particularly in its rural areas. As the managing director of Thanthwe Farms, she has set out to inspire the next generation of young agripreneurs – proving that successful business starts with the right mindset, not only capital.

A framework for sustainable and fair agriculture and food systems

A Contribution by Gideon Tups

The guiding orientation framework developed by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) summarizes the requirements for the transformation of agriculture and food systems – and identifies principles and approaches for transformative change.

A group of diverse professionals stands together at a CAADP event, with a presentation screen in the background.

African Union sets the Way for the Future

A Contribution by GIZ

From January 9 to 11, 2025, heads of state and government of the African Union met in Kampala, Uganda. With a clear vision and concrete measures, the Kampala Agenda aims to make the continent's agricultural and food systems climate-resilient, fair and future-proof by 2035.

Workers harvest cocoa pods in a lush green plantation, with one person pouring a basket of pods onto a pile.

Guide to a Sustainable Cocoa Sector

A Contribution by Jens Busma

The Federal Ministry ofor Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) presented a revised version of the 10-Point Plan for a sustainable cocoa sector. The plan takes into account new supply chain legislations and current developments. A particular focus is paid to a living incomes, responsible purchasing practices and ecological and climate-friendly cocoa cultivation.

A woman sorts cocoa beans in a wooden tray, wearing a colorful floral shirt and traditional patterned skirt.

"We didn't even make it halfway"

Interview with Claudia Brück and Torben Erbrath

The demand for fair-trade cocoa is growing – but how is the industry responding? In an interview, Claudia Brück, Executive Board Member of Fairtrade Germany, and Dr. Torben Erbrath, Managing Director of the Federal Association of the German Confectionery Industry, discuss progress as well as challenges, and why real change can only be achieved through long-term commitment along the entire supply chain.

A diverse group of women joyfully pose together on a rooftop, celebrating female leadership and empowerment.

Female Leadership: A Key Lever for Transformation?

A Conversation with Carmen Torres Ledezma & Oluwaseyi Kehinde-Peters

Female Leadership is vital to the transformation of agriculture and food systems. Therefore, it is so important to advance gender-sensitive approaches to increase the presence of women in leadership positions in agricultural production and to make these systems more equitable, sustainable and resilient.

A woman in a blue sari arranges white silk cocoons on a woven wall in a rural setting.

Gender-Transformative Approaches – Unlocking Everyone’s Potential

A Contribution by GIZ

Studies show that women often manage agricultural resources more effectively and sustainably. With equal access to production resources, agricultural yields could increase by up tp 30 per cent. But this is about more than just productivity. How can gender-transformative approaches (GTA) drive meaningful change and why are GTA key to sustainable change?

A woman at a trade show proudly displays organic food products in front of a booth showcasing diverse packaged goods.

BIOFACH as a game changer for organic producers

A Contribution by Claudia Jordan

In 2025, GIZ and the Import Promotion Desk (IPD) celebrate ten years of successful cooperation. With their joint stand at BIOFACH trade fair in Nuremberg, they were able to introduce over 300 organic companies of partner countries to the European market. And the journey continues – despite challenges on the global market.

A diverse group of professionals gather for a conference, posing together in a spacious lobby surrounded by greenery.

Adapted financial services – a key to transformation

A Contribution by GIZ

In March, delegations from nine partner countries met in Berlin at the Partner Conference Scaling Access to Finance for Agripreneurs. Alongside AUDA-NEPAD, IFAD, BMZ, GIZ, and others, around 100 participants worked on practical solutions to support financial inclusion in agricultural transformation and hand over their conclusions to the AU's Kampala CAADP process.

A woman in traditional attire inspects fresh vegetables at a bustling market, embodying voices from vibrant local cultures.

From Pledges to Progress: Nutrition at the Heart of Inclusive Development

A Contriution by GIZ

At the Nutrition for Growth 2025 Summit in Paris, Team Europe, comprising the European Commission and Member States, put nutrition at the centre of international politics as a driver for resilience, equality and human rights. There is a consensus on the results of the summit: to turn commitments into concrete progress through strong partnerships and innovative approaches.

A woman stands in a lush field holding freshly picked vegetables, with others in the background at the N4G Summit.

Working together to improve global nutrition

A Contribution by Jan Rübel

The global fight against malnutrition needs more than just words - as demonstrated by the Nutrition for Growth summit in Paris. With comprehensive commitments and clear receivables, a signal has been sent: Healthy nutrition must become a global priority. But what do participants from countries such as Yemen and Timor Leste think?

Participants engage in discussions during the SOILution P4C conference, with speakers addressing the audience from a stage.

Elevating Soil Health for a Sustainable Future

A Contribution by Kah Walla

In May, this year's "Partners for Change – SOILutions for a Food Secure, Resilient, and Sustainable Future" conference took place. Kah Walla, Moderator of the Conference and Director of Strategies!, summarises the discussions and declares that healthy soils are not just the foundation of agriculture, but the cornerstone of a resilient, equitable, and climate-smart future.

A portable radio with an extended antenna sits on freshly cut grass in a field. | © GIZ Ursula Meissner

Twelve countries, two podcasts, one goal 

A Contribution by GIZ

Two new podcast formats from the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) bring stories from on-the-ground project work to life: "Over to you!" from Malawi and "Voices of Change – Beneficiary Story Book" from Zambia. At the heart of these podcasts are the people behind the changes toward sustainable food security.

A political opportunity to overcome structural barriers for women farmers

A Contribution by Claudia Jordan

The International Year of the Woman Farmer (IYWF), launched by the United Nations for 2026, is more than a symbolic moment. It is a political opportunity – and responsibility – for German development cooperation. This is what the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) emphasised during Grüne Woche trade fair in Berlin.

Bundled Knowledge – The Compendium of the Green Innovation Centers

A Contribution by GIZ

The results of twelve years of cooperation: a compendium by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) takes stock of the work of green innovation centres in 16 countries. It brings together experiences, documents successes and challenges, and collects key findings for practical application and policy-making.

A collage illustrates themes of conflict, sustainability, and economic transformation with imagery of weapons, nature, and currency. — Copyright: GIZ

Extreme uncertainty as the new normal

A Contribution by GIZ

Disruption or transformation? With the new Strategic Foresight Report for Agriculture and Food Systems, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) looks into future scenarios of the post 2030 era.

Woman farmer in Senegal on her plot © GIZ / Sumi Teufel

„Young people tend to be on that curve of early adopter“

A Conversation with Genna Tesdall

The future of agriculture lies in the hands of young people. Genna Tesdall from YPARD explains what they need.

A person tends to drying coffee beans on raised beds under a bright blue sky in a lush rural setting.

Improving The World, Sip by Sip

A Conversation with Maura Oerding

Maura Oerding has a mission: With the specialty coffee Angelique's Finest, she not only wants to enter new markets but also revolutionize the coffee industry. Her recipe for success? Empowering women from Rwanda and Uganda from cultivation to marketing. Oerding’s goal: quality, fairness, and self-determination in every bean.

Revisited – Julienne’s Success has a System

A Contribution by GIZ

In southern Benin, Julienne processes soybeans into tofu. Rather than relying on subsidies, she has built her own business step by step. Her path shows how local financing, shared risk assessment, and entrepreneurial skills contribute to transforming agrifood systems.

Farmers energetically harvest and toss potatoes in a vibrant field, showcasing teamwork and productivity.

"Farmers are smart"

Interview with Maria Andrade

From the lab to the masses: Maria Andrade bred varieties of biofortified sweet potatoes which are now widely used all over the continent. She sets her hope on the transformation of African agriculture.

Small fish with a big potential

A contribution by Paul van Zwieten

African inland fisheries are increasingly reliant on the capture of small fish species that are sundried and traded over long distances. They make an important contribution in alleviating “hidden hunger”: consumed whole, small fish are an important source of micronutrients. Only that, unfortunately, politicians haven’t yet realised this.

(c) Christoph Püschner/Zeitenspiegel — Deutschland / Stuttgart, Aug. 2019: Pflanzen, die auf Bienen zur Bestäubung angewiesen sind, sind häufig auffallend bunt.

One Health – What we are learning from the Corona crisis

A contribution by Dr. May Hokan and Dr. Arnulf Köhncke (WWF)

Due to the coronavirus crisis, the connection between human and animal health has gained new attention. Politicians and scientists are joining forces to propagate the solution: One Health. But what is behind the concept? And can it also guarantee food security for all people worldwide?

A farmer walks through lush coffee plants on a misty morning, carrying a basket for harvesting.

Ms Rudloff, what are the benefits of a supply chain law?

By Jan Rübel

The Federal Government is fine-tuning a law that would require companies to ensure human rights – a supply chain law. What are the consequences for the agricultural sector? Dr Bettina Rudloff from the German Institute for International and Security Affairs (SWP) discusses linking policy fields with added value.

A small roadside shop with colorful signage stands under a clear blue sky next to a parked truck.

The state of food security in Cape Town and St. Helena Bay

A study by Markus Hanisch, Agustina Malvido, Johanna Hansmann, Alexander Mewes, Moritz Reigl, Nicole Paganini (SLE)

Post-Covid-19 lockdown: How food governance processes could include marginalised communities - an extract of the results of an SLE study applying digital and participatory methods.

People gather around a bowl holding a package of soy powder, discussing the product information on labels.

"Soy can be made into more than just flour"

A report by Johanna Steinkühler (GIZ)

The soybean is a natural crop that can be used to make a lot of food. So, Tata Bi started a small processing business first on her own, then with a few other women, which provides the women with an additional source of income year-round besides selling the soybeans.

Four smiling children joyfully eat together at a table, sharing bowls of food in a warm, vibrant setting.

School Feeding: A unique platform to address gender inequalities

A contribution by Carmen Burbano de Lara (WFP)

Besides the well known impacts of Covid19 lockdowns for the adult population, the associated school closures led to 90 percent of the world’s children with no access to schools. However, school meals are in often the only daily meal for children. Without access to this safety net, issues like hunger, poverty and malnutrition are exacerbated for hundreds of millions of children.

Workers in uniforms and masks sort nuts in a processing facility, showcasing a clean and organized environment.

Freed from trade? Towards a fairer EU Trade Agenda

A contribution by Dr. Jan Orbie (University Gent)

‘Fair’ and ‘sustainable’ are key words in Germany’s EU Council Presidency. At the same time, Germany pursues ‘modernization’ of the WTO and ‘rapid progress’ on free trade agreements. Are these goals really compatible? Can we be concerned about fairness and sustainability while continuing with ‘business as usual’?

A man skillfully casts a fishing net from a wooden boat as a child watches on a serene lake.

Borderless food security

A contribution by Christine Wieck

Enabling smallholders to trade across regions and borders promotes food security and economic growth. Although everyone is calling for exactly that, implementation is still difficult

How do you campaign “Food Systems”?

Interview with Paul Newnham, Director of the SDG 2 Advocacy Hub.

The UN Food Systems pre-Summit in Rome dealt with transforming the ways of our nutrition. How do you bring that to a broad public? Questions to Paul Newnham, the Director of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 Advocacy Hub.

A traditional Namibian meal featuring oshifima, roasted meat, and beans is displayed on woven baskets with a colorful cloth.

African Nutrition - 'Try It at Home'!

A Video Series by Agribusiness TV and GIZ

Share in the taste of African Nutrition – Try it at home! The mini-series showcases traditional, nutritious dishes across the African continent.

A hand picks vibrant cocoa pods from a pile on the ground in a lush forest setting, showcasing the cocoa story.

Côte d’Ivoire: The Future Starts With Food

A Contribution by GIZ

How nutrition trainer Edwige helps cocoa farmers in Côte d’Ivoire to prepare for a healthier future.

People are harvesting seaweed in a rural aquatic landscape with wooden stakes protruding from the water. | © GIZ

Diversity Is the Fundamental Principle to Use

An Interview with Shakuntala Thilsted

A conversation with aquatic researcher Shakuntala Thilsted on the long-neglected nutrition benefits of aquatic diets and the empowering qualities of a sustainable aqua-food systems transformation.

Golden wheat stalks sway gently in a sunlit rural field, symbolizing abundant harvest and natural beauty.

Food security is more than production volumes and high yields

A Contribution by Adrian Muller, Catherine Pfeifer and Jürn Sanders (FiBL)

Taking Biodiversity Focus Areas under production or abandoning lower yielding, more extensive production systems is the wrong approach to mastering the looming global food crisis, say the authors of the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL).

An illustrated map showcases diverse agricultural and food-related activities on a vibrant island setting.

The Agri-Food Map: An interactive map to explore sustainable agri-food systems

A Contribution by GIZ

The complex interrelationships of the sustainable transformation of agricultural and food systems are not always easy to understand - the Agri-Food Map, an interactive online app, makes the comprehensive relations accessible by providing a wide range of comprehensibly prepared information.

A man in a blue suit speaks into a microphone while others listen attentively in a conference setting.

Felix Phiri and two decades of Agriculture

A Conversation with Felix Phiri

Felix Phiri has been Head of the Department of Nutrition, HIV and AIDS at the Ministry of Health in Malawi for almost 20 years. A conversation about constants and change.

A group of five smiling individuals stands in a bakery, showcasing freshly baked goods on metal racks.

With the power of fried bread

A contribution of Jan Rübel and Fabio Rappenecker

With a simple but effective idea to combat malnutrition: in Nairobi, Fabio Rappenecker and his start-up TenX Nutrition produce mandazi, which become a real power biscuit thanks to added micronutrients. The aim is to strengthen food security through local, affordable and healthy food.

The Architecture of Nutrition

An Interview with Sachin Gupte

Nutrition rarely fails for lack of knowledge, but for lack of structure. In conversation with Dr. Sachin Gupte from PATH, attention turns to the often unseen foundations of food systems – where climate pressures, political frameworks, and economic realities shape what can endure, and what cannot.

Let Me Tell You: How Zambia Uses Comics and Animation to Inspire Healthy Eating

By Jana Anouk Mansour

As part of the “Let Me Tell You” series, children across Zambia are discovering fun stories that teach the importance of good food and healthy habits such as fish. Let’s dive into one of these tales together…



Hunger and Obesity

By Astrid Prange de Oliveira

The "Double Burden"

Pioneers: Kenya and Malawi

Stagnation Instead of Progress

A Particular Challenge in Cities

Obesity – A Global Trend

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